In this video Emily explains the difference between a Bayesian approach and a frequentist approach to analyzing statistics. A Bayesian analysis looks at prior probabilities combined with data to determine the probability that the hypothesis is true. A frequentist analysis compares the hypothesis to the null-hypothesis, a yes/no approach, to determine if the data could support the null-hypothesis. It then ranks the data with a P-value, but it actually says nothing about the hypothesis being true.

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link to book John Krushke summary There is an explosion of interest in Bayesian statistics, primarily because recently created computational methods have finally made Bayesian […]